linux 静态网络配置大全（包括ubuntu centos Debian等等）

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这里介绍最新的ubuntu版本和最新的centos版本等常用的服务器网络配置。

注：一般外网服务器上的网络采用的 enp1s0 方式多一点，如果你是本地的虚拟机配置一般用 ens33方式，还得把虚拟机的网络适配器改成桥接模式。

具体服务器配置如下：

Ubuntu 17.10, Ubuntu 18.xx, Ubuntu 19.xx, Ubuntu 20.xx

Populate the /etc/netplan/10-ens3.yaml file with the following text.

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp1s0:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [192.168.2.116/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.2.100
      nameservers:
        addresses: [114.114.114.114]
      routes:
      - to: 169.254.0.0/16
        via: 192.168.2.100
        metric: 100

Update networking or reboot.

netplan apply

Ubuntu 16.xx, Ubuntu 17.04

Populate the /etc/network/interfaces file with the following text.

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto enp1s0
iface enp1s0 inet static
	address 192.168.2.116
	netmask 255.255.255.0
	gateway 192.168.2.100
	dns-nameservers 114.114.114.114
	post-up ip route add 169.254.0.0/16 dev enp1s0

Start each interface or reboot the system.

ifup enp1s0

Ubuntu 12.xx - Ubuntu 15.xx

Populate the /etc/network/interfaces file with the following text.

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto enp1s0
iface enp1s0 inet static
	address 192.168.2.116
	netmask 255.255.255.0
	gateway 192.168.2.100
	dns-nameservers 114.114.114.114
	post-up ip route add 169.254.0.0/16 dev enp1s0

Start each interface or reboot the system.

ifup eth0

CentOS 6

Populate the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp1s0 file with the following text.

DEVICE=enp1s0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.2.116
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.2.100
DNS1=114.114.114.114

Populate the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-enp1s0 file with the following text.

169.254.0.0/16 dev enp1s0

Restart networking or reboot.

service network restart

CentOS 7

Populate the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 file with the following text.

DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.2.116
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.2.100
DNS1=114.114.114.114

Populate the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0 file with the following text.

169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0

Restart networking or reboot.

service network restart

CentOS 8

Populate the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp1s0 file with the following text.

TYPE="Ethernet"
DEVICE="enp1s0"
ONBOOT="yes"
BOOTPROTO="none"
IPADDR=192.168.2.116
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.2.100
DNS1=114.114.114.114
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"

Restart the connection, or reboot.

nmcli con load /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp1s0
nmcli con up 'System enp1s0'

Debian 7, Debian 8

Populate the /etc/network/interfaces file with the following text.

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto enp1s0
iface enp1s0 inet static
	address 192.168.2.116
	netmask 255.255.255.0
	gateway 192.168.2.100
	dns-nameservers 114.114.114.114
	post-up ip route add 169.254.0.0/16 dev enp1s0

Restart networking or reboot.

systemctl restart networking.service

Debian 9, Debian 10

Populate the /etc/network/interfaces file with the following text.

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto enp1s0
iface enp1s0 inet static
	address 192.168.2.116
	netmask 255.255.255.0
	gateway 192.168.2.100
	dns-nameservers 114.114.114.114
	post-up ip route add 169.254.0.0/16 dev enp1s0

Restart networking or reboot.

systemctl restart networking.service

Fedora 24 - 28

Populate the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp1s0 file with the following text.

DEVICE=enp1s0
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=static
NOZEROCONF=yes
IPADDR=192.168.2.116
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.2.100
DNS1=114.114.114.114

Populate the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-enp1s0 file with the following text.

169.254.0.0/16 dev enp1s0

Restart networking or reboot.

systemctl restart network.service

Fedora 29 - 31

Run the following commands to configure the public network.

nmcli con add con-name public-net ifname enp1s0 type ethernet ipv4.method 'manual' ipv4.addresses '192.168.2.116/24' ipv4.gateway '192.168.2.100' ipv4.dns ''
nmcli con mod public-net +ipv4.dns '114.114.114.114'

FreeBSD 10.x, FreeBSD 11.x, FreeBSD 12.x

Populate the /etc/rc.conf file with the following text.

static_routes="linklocal"
route_linklocal="-net 169.254.0.0/16 -interface vtnet0"
ifconfig_vtnet0="inet 192.168.2.116 netmask 255.255.255.0"
defaultrouter="192.168.2.100"

Reboot the system.

reboot

OpenBSD 6.0 - OpenBSD 6.2

Populate the /etc/mygate file with the following text.

192.168.2.100

Populate the /etc/hostname.vio0 file with the following text.

inet 192.168.2.116 255.255.255.0 NONE

Populate the /etc/resolv.conf file with the following text.

nameserver 114.114.114.114
lookup file bind

Reboot the system.

reboot

OpenBSD 6.3 - OpenBSD 6.8

Populate the /etc/mygate file with the following text.

192.168.2.100

Populate the /etc/hostname.vio0 file with the following text.

inet 192.168.2.116 255.255.255.0 NONE

Populate the /etc/resolv.conf file with the following text.

nameserver 114.114.114.114
lookup file bind

Reboot the system.

reboot

OpenBSD 6.9

Populate the /etc/mygate file with the following text.

192.168.2.100

Populate the /etc/hostname.vio0 file with the following text.

inet 192.168.2.116 255.255.255.0 NONE

Populate the /etc/resolv.conf file with the following text.

nameserver 114.114.114.114
lookup file bind

Reboot the system.

reboot